Module 4 · Lesson 4.3 · Interactive drill

Fabricated Citation Drill

Three short research briefs. Twelve citations. Some are clean. Some are fabricated. Your job: classify each using the four-pattern framework from Lesson 4.3.

The four fabrication patterns

  • Pattern 1Invented source. The paper or article does not exist. The title returns nothing; the author is unfindable.
  • Pattern 2Real source, fabricated quote. The paper exists, but the quoted text is not in it.
  • Pattern 3Real source, misrepresented finding. The paper exists, the citation is accurate, but the brief's claim distorts what the paper actually argues.
  • Pattern 4Dead or mis-pointed URL. 404, typo-squat domain, or a URL that loads the wrong document.
  • Clean — the citation is legitimate. The source exists, the URL resolves, the quote is in the source, the claim matches what the source says.

How this works

You will see three mock research briefs. Each brief has four numbered citations. For each citation, we give you what you would see from the outside: the claim the brief is making, the citation information the agent supplied, and (pretend) what you found when you opened the link or searched the title.

Pick the category. You get immediate feedback. At the end, you'll see a per-pattern breakdown so you know which kind of fabrication you're slowest to catch — that is the learning. Students who miss Pattern 3 most often (misrepresented findings) are in good company; it is the hardest to spot.

This is a drill, not a real audit. The briefs and sources here are teaching examples. Run the real four-pattern sweep on your capstone brief using the Recipe Book entry spotting-a-fabricated-citation.md.